According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following is the highest priority for a nurse to address?

In Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, physiological needs are positioned at the base of the pyramid and represent the most fundamental and crucial requirements for survival. Among these physiological needs, the need for a patent airway is the highest priority because it directly impacts a person's ability to breathe and obtain oxygen, which is essential for life. Without adequate oxygenation, all other needs become secondary, as survival is not possible if the airway is obstructed.

Addressing a patent airway takes precedence over psychological or developmental needs, such as trust versus mistrust or freedom from fear and anxiety. While these are important for overall well-being and emotional health, the immediate need for survival and maintaining adequate respiratory function must come first in a healthcare setting. Cardiovascular functioning, while also critical for life, is secondary to the airway because no effective circulation can occur without proper oxygenation. Therefore, ensuring that a patient has a clear airway is paramount before addressing other needs.