What is the priority nursing action for a patient with a PICC line who suddenly complains of dyspnea and chest pain?

The most appropriate nursing action in response to a patient with a PICC line who suddenly experiences dyspnea and chest pain is to clamp the catheter. This action is critical because it helps to prevent air from entering the vascular system, which can happen if there is a dislodgement or rupture of the line. Air embolism is a serious complication that can occur with central lines, including PICC lines, and can lead to significant respiratory distress and cardiovascular complications.

By clamping the catheter immediately, the nurse is taking proactive measures to eliminate the risk of further air entry and stabilizing the situation for the patient. This action should be followed by further steps, such as notifying the healthcare provider and administering oxygen if indicated, but the priority is to secure the access point.

Understanding this prioritization is essential for nursing practice, particularly in emergency situations where quick thinking and decisive actions can significantly impact patient outcomes.